Review by Kevin Brown
The narrator of Ocean Vuong’s second novel, Hai, is a second-generation Vietnamese immigrant whose life isn’t following the traditional stereotype. Though he was the first in his family to attend college, he dropped out and returned home to New Gladness, Connecticut, a fictional town with struggles that mirror so many cities that once were centers of industry. He tells his mother he’s been accepted to medical school in Boston, but he actually intends to jump from a bridge. An eighty-something-year-old woman in the house next to the river, Grazina, a Lithuanian immigrant, stops him from jumping, and he becomes her caretaker as she descends into dementia.
The core of the novel is Hai’s job at HomeMarket, a restaurant clearly modeled on Boston Market, where he forms meaningful relationships with BJ, Maureen, Wayne, Russia, and Sony (his cousin). Each person has struggles and dreams, wanting to move on from the low-wage job, and they each support one another as best they can. That’s especially true with Hai and Sony, given their family relationship, as Sony’s mother is in prison, and Sony is living in a group home, as he has been diagnosed with autism and is unable to live on his own.
While Hai helps others with their problems, he is unable to manage his drug addiction. He has recently come out of three weeks at a rehab facility, but he has begun using again, largely drawing from the drugs Grazina’s husband had around the house before he died. The shadow of the Vietnam war hangs over the novel, as Sony believes his father was a soldier in the war, but Sony is obsessed with the Civil War, even favoring the Southern side, given that he and Hai are from the Southern part of Vietnam, ignoring the racism that motivated the South. The novel is also set in the financial crisis of 2008, reinforcing the decline of New Gladness, and leading to Hai’s lack of employment options in the town.
Vuong wants his readers to see those people who survive on low-wage jobs that literature often overlooks and the ways in which they help each other do so. Rather than competing with one another for hours, when a regional manager wants BJ to fire one of the crew, they try to volunteer to give up some shifts for each other. Though each of them have concerns of their own, they create a type of family in a place most readers wouldn’t expect to find one.
The Emperor of Gladness by Ocean Vuong. Penguin Books, May 2025.
Reviewer bio: Kevin Brown has published three books of poetry: Liturgical Calendar: Poems (Wipf and Stock); A Lexicon of Lost Words (winner of the Violet Reed Haas Prize for Poetry, Snake Nation Press); and Exit Lines (Plain View Press). He also has a memoir, Another Way: Finding Faith, Then Finding It Again, and a book of scholarship, They Love to Tell the Stories: Five Contemporary Novelists Take on the Gospels.
